This Date in History, July 22, 2017

''Knowing the past, we can make wise 

choices for a brighter, and more positive future.''

1298		King Edward I defeats the Scots under William Wallace at Falkirk.
1515		Emperor Maximilian and Vladislav of Bohemia forge an alliance between the Hapsburg and Jagiello dynasties in Vienna.
1652		Prince Conde's rebels narrowly defeat Chief Minister Mazarin's loyalist forces at St. Martin, near Paris.
1789		Thomas Jefferson becomes the first head of the U.S. Department of Foreign Affairs.
1812		A British army under the Duke of Wellington defeats the French at Salamanca, Spain.
1814		Five Indian tribes in Ohio make peace with the United States and declare war on Britain.
1881		The first volume of The War of the Rebellion: A compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, is published.
1894		The first automobile race takes place between Paris and Rouen, France.
1934		American gangster John Dillinger is shot dead by FBI officers outside a Chicago cinema.
1938		The Third Reich issues special identity cards for Jewish Germans.
1943		Palermo, Sicily surrenders to General George S. Patton's Seventh Army.
1966		B-52 bombers hit the Demilitarized Zone between North and South Vietnam for the first time.
Born on July 22
1822		Gregor Johann Mendel, Austrian botanist, genetics pioneer.
1849		Emma Lazarus, American poet.
1881		Margery Williams Bianco, author (The Velveteen Rabbit).
1882		Edward Hopper, painter (Nighthawks).
1887		Gustav Hertz, German physicist.
1888		Selman Abraham Waksman, biochemist.
1893		Karl Menninger, American physician, founder of the Menninger Foundation.
1898		Stephen Vincent Benet, poet and short-story writer (John Brown's Body).
1898		Alexander Calder, sculptor.
1908		Amy Vanderbilt, American journalist, etiquette authority.
1923		Robert Dole, U.S. Senator and presidential candidate.
1932		Megan Terry, playwright (Calm Down Mother, Goona Goona).
1936		Tom Robbins, novelist (Another Roadside Attraction, Even Cowgirls Get the Blues).
1946		Paul Schrader, screenwriter and film director (Taxi Driver).

MUCH MORE HISTORY